Peer-reviewed Scientific Journal Publications
2025
Carr, T., Hutchens, W. J., Patton, A. J., Braun, R. C., McFadden, D., & Richardson, M. (2025). Management strategies for preventing and recovering from zoysiagrass winterkill. Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management, in press.
Milla-Lewis, S. R., Gouveia, B. R., Carbajal, E. M., Miller, G., Patton, A. J., Schwartz, B. M., Kenworthy, K. E., Braun, R. C., Van der Laat, R., Xingwang, Y., Zhang, J., Chandra, A., Wu, Y., Raymer, P., Puzianowska, M., Baird, J., Fontainer, C., & Unruh, J. B. (2025). Registration of ‘XZ 14069’ zoysiagrass. Journal of Plant Registrations, in press.
2024
Braun, R. C., Mandal, P., Nwachukwu, E., & Stanton, A. (2024). The role of turfgrasses in environmental protection and their benefits to humans: 30 years later. Crop Science, 64, 2909–2944. http://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.21383
McNally, B. C., Chhetri, M., Patton, A. J., Liu, W., Hoyle, J. A., Brosnan, J. T., Richardson, M. D., Bertucci, M. B., Braun, R. C., & Fry, J. D. (2025). Optimizing ethephon application timing for 'Meyer' zoysiagrass seedhead suppression. Crop Science, 65, e21350. https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.21350
Braun, R. C., & Patton, A. J. (2024). Growth responses to waterlogging stress among cool-season grass species. Grass and Forage Science. 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12655
2023
Braun, R. C., Watkins, E., Hollman, A. B., & Patton, A. J. (2023). Assessing the fertilizer and pesticide input needs of cool-season turfgrass species. Crop Science, Crop Science, 63, 3079-3095. ttp://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.21046
Chandra, A., Genovesi, A., Fry, J., Patton, A., Meeks, M., Braun, R., Xiang, M., Chhetri, M., & Kennelly, M. (2023). ‘DALZ 1701’, a third generation interspecific zoysiagrass hybrid. Journal of Plant Registrations, 17, 499–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/plr2.20319
Braun, R. C., Straw, C. M., Soldat, D. J., Bekken, M. A. H., Patton, A. J., Lonsdorf, E. V., & Horgan, B. P. (2023). Strategies for reducing inputs and emissions in turfgrass systems. Crop, Forage & Turfgrass Management. 9, e20218. https://doi.org/10.1002/cft2.20218
Yue, C., Lai, Y., Watkins, E., Patton, A., & Braun, R. (2023). A Behavioral Approach to Identify the Barriers to the Adoption of New Technology: A Case Study of Low-input Turfgrasses. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, 55, 72–99. https://doi.org/10.1017/aae.2023.7
Braun, R. C., Courtney, L. E., & Patton, A. J. (2023). Seed morphology, germination, and seedling vigor characteristics of fine fescue taxa and other cool-season turfgrass species. Crop Science, 63, 1613–1627. https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20936
Hong, M., Zhang, Y., Braun, R. C., & Bremer, D. J. (2023). Simulations of nitrous oxide emissions and global warming potential in a C4 turfgrass system using process-based models. European Journal of Agronomy, 142, 126668. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2022.126668
2022
Braun, R. C., Patton, A. J., Chandra, A., Fry, J. D., Genovesi, A. D., Meeks, M., Kennelly, M. M., Xiang, M., Chhetri, M., Richardson, M. D., Richmond, D. S., Pudzianowska, M. T., & Baird, J. H. (2022). Development of winter hardy, fine-textured zoysiagrass hybrids for the upper transition zone and similar climates. Crop Science., 62, 2486–2505 https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20834
Braun, R.C., Bremer, D. J., Ebdon, J. S., Fry, J. D., & Patton, A. J. (2022). Review of cool-season turfgrass water use and requirements: II. Responses to drought stress. Crop Science, 62, 1685–1701. https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20790
Braun, R.C., Bremer, D. J., Ebdon, J. S., Fry, J. D., & Patton, A. J. (2022). Review of cool-season turfgrass water use and requirements: I. Evapotranspiration and responses to deficit irrigation. Crop Science, 62, 1661–1684. https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20791
Braun, R. C., Watkins, E., Hollman, A. B., Mihelich, N. T., & Patton, A. J. (2022). Management, harvest, and storage characteristics of low-input cool-season turfgrass sod mixtures. Agronomy Journal, 114, 1752–1768. https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.21051
Braun, R. C., & Patton, A. J. (2022). Species, clover-inclusion, and nitrogen fertilizer effects on sod tensile strength of fine fescue taxa. Agronomy Journal, 114, 1705–1716. https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.21039
Braun, R. C., Braithwaite, E. T., Kowalewski, A. R., Watkins, E., Hollman, A. B., & Patton, A. J. (2022). Nitrogen fertilizer and clover-inclusion effects on the establishment of fine fescue taxa. Crop Science, 62, 947–957. https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20704
Braun, R. C., & Patton, A. J. (2022). Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) culm and inflorescence density in lawns: Effects of nitrogen fertilization and scalping timing and height. Crop Science, 62, 489–502. https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20665
Braun, R. C., Bremer, D. J., & Hoyle, J. A. (2022). Simulated traffic on turfgrasses during drought stress: II. Soil water content, soil compaction, and rooting. International Turfgrass Society Research Journal. 14, 516-527. https://doi.org/10.1002/its2.62
2021
Braun, R. C., Milla-Lewis, S., Carbajal, E., Schwartz, B. M., & Patton, A. J. (2021). Performance and playability of experimental low-input coarse-textured zoysiagrass in multiple climates. Grass Research, 1:10 1–12. https://doi.org/10.48130/GR-2021-0010
Braun, R. C., Patton, A. J., Reiter, M., Elmore, M. T., & Tuck, D. P. (2021). Tolerance of fine fescues in minimal-to-no mow golf course rough to indaziflam formulations. Crop Forage, & Turfgrass Management, 7:e20134, 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1002/cft2.20134
Braun, R. C., Patton, A. J., Watkins, E., Hollman, A. B., Murphy, J. A., Park, B. S., Kowalewski, A. R., & Braithwaite, E. T. (2021). Optimal fine fescue mixture seeding dates in the northern United States. Agronomy Journal, 113, 4413–4428. https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.20859
Braun, R. C., Watkins, E., Hollman, A. B., Mihelich, N. T., & Patton, A. J. (2021). Investigation of cool-season species, seeding rate, and nitrogen fertilization in sod production: I. Establishment and sod tensile strength. Agronomy Journal, 113, 4176–4189. https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.20810
Patton, A. J., Braun, R. C., Bearss, R. C., & Schortgen, G. P. (2021). Herbicide tolerance in eleven grass species for minimal-to-no-mow golf course rough. Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment, e20204. https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.20204
Braun, R. C., Watkins, E., Hollman, A. B., Mihelich, N. T., & Patton, A. J. (2021). Investigation of cool-season species, seeding rate, and nitrogen fertilization in sod production: II. Management and shelf-life. Agronomy Journal, 113, 3460–3474. https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.20777 *Top cited article in Agronomy Journal in 2021-2022 award
Law, Q. D., Trappe, J. M., Braun, R. C., & Patton, A. J. (2021). Greenhouse gas fluxes from turfgrass systems: Species, growth rate, clipping management, and environmental effects. Journal of Environmental Quality, 50. 547–557. https://doi.org/10.1002/jeq2.20222
Patton, A. J., & Braun, R. C. (2021). Measurement of turf height and growth using a laser distance device. Crop Science, 61, 3110–3123. https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20295
Braun, R. C., Bremer, D. J., & Hoyle, J. A. (2021). Simulated traffic on turfgrasses during drought stress: I. Performance and recovery of turf canopies. Crop Science, 61, 2926–2938. https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20324
2020
Alderman, E. J., Hoyle, J. A., Braun, R. C., & Reeves, J. A. (2020). Winter golf cart traffic, colorants, and overseeding influence winter green cover and spring recovery of buffalograss. Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management, 6, e20077. https://doi.org/10.1002/cft2.20077
Braun, R. C., Patton, A. J., Braithwaite, E. T., & Kowalewski. A. R. (2020). Establishment of low-input turfgrass from seed with patch and repair mixtures: Mulch and starter fertilizer effects. Crop Science, 60, 3362–3376. https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20266
Patton, A. J., Braun, R. C., Schortgen, G. P., Hoyle, J. A., & Reicher, Z. J. (2020). Irrigation following a fall proxy (ethephon) application affects spring seedhead suppression of ‘Meyer’ zoysiagrass. Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management, 6, e20023. https://doi.org/10.1002/cft2.20023
Braun, R. C., Patton, A. J., Watkins, E., Koch, P., Anderson, N. P., Bonos, S. A., & Brilman, L. A. (2020). Fine fescues: A review of the species, their improvement, production, establishment, and management. Crop Science, 60, 1142–1187. https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20122 *Top cited article in Crop Science in 2020-2021 award
2019
Patton, A. J., Braun, R. C., & Weisenberger, D. V. (2019). Single applications of natural postemergence weed control options do not provide effective ground ivy control. Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management, 5, 180101. https://doi.org/10.2134/cftm2018.12.0101
Thompson, C. S., Hoyle, J. A., & Braun, R. C. (2019). Scalping tall fescue as soon as one day after treatment does not reduce glyphosate efficacy. Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management, 5, 180098. https://doi.org/10.2134/cftm2018.12.0098
Braun, R. C., & Bremer, D. J. (2019). Carbon sequestration in zoysiagrass turf under different irrigation and fertilization management regimes. Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment, 2, 180060. https://doi.org/10.2134/age2018.12.0060
Alderman, E. J., Hoyle, J. A., Reeves, J. A., & Braun, R. C. (2019). Evaluating the effects of nitrogen rate and simulated golf cart traffic on ‘Cody’ buffalograss roughs. Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management, 5, 180079. https://doi.org/10.2134/cftm2018.09.0079
Patton, A. J., Braun, R. C., Schortgen, G. P., Weisenberger, D. V., Branham, B. E., Sharp, B., Sousek, M. D., Gaussoin, R. E., & Reicher, Z. J. (2019). Long-term efficacy of Poa annua control strategies on golf course putting greens. Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management, 5, 180068. https://doi.org/10.2134/cftm2018.09.006
2018
Braun, R. C., Hoyle, J. A., Van Ryzin, B., Sousek, M. D., & Thompson, C. S. (2018). Postemergence herbicide tolerance of buffalograss entering winter dormancy. Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management, 4, 180064. https://doi.org/10.2134/cftm2018.08.0064
Hoyle, J. A., Braun, R. C., Thompson, C. S., & Reeves, J. A. (2018). Late-season bermudagrass control with glyphosate, fluazifop, and mesotrione combinations. Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment, 1, 180014. https://doi.org/10.2134/age2018.06.0014
Braun, R. C., & Bremer, D. J. (2018). Nitrous oxide emissions in turfgrass systems: A review. Agronomy Journal, 110, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2018.02.0133
Hoyle, J. A., Braun, R. C., & South, P. E. (2018). The effect of human insect repellents on perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) injury and recovery. Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management, 4, 180023. https://doi.org/10.2134/cftm2018.03.0023
Braun, R. C., & Bremer, D. J. (2018). Nitrous oxide emissions in turfgrass receiving different irrigation amounts and nitrogen fertilizer forms. Crop Science, 58, 1762–1775. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2017.11.0688
Hoyle, J. A., Braun, R. C.,, Reeves, J. A., Keeley, S. J., & Bremer, D. J. (2018). Mowing height and cultivation effects on tall fescue conversion to buffalograss. Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management, 4, 170061. https://doi.org/10.2134/cftm2017.08.0061
Thompson, C. S., Braun, R. C., Hoyle, J. A., & Van Ryzin, B. (2018). Mowing timing does not affect the efficacy of broadleaf herbicides applied to control dandelion (Taraxacum officinale). Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management, 4, 170074. https://doi.org/10.2134/cftm2017.10.0074
Braun, R. C., Hoyle, J. A., Reeves, J.A., Flessner, M. L., & McElroy, J. S. (2018). Design and construction of mowing track for turfgrass experimentation in greenhouses. Agronomy Journal, 110, 1180–1183. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2017.11.0625
2014-2017
Braun, R. C., Fry, J. D., Kennelly, M. M., Bremer, D. J., & Griffin, J. J. (2017). Single and sequential colorant application effects on buffalograss and zoysiagrass color during dormancy. HortTechnology, 27, 393–398. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTTECH03690-17
Thompson, C., Fry, J., Braun, R., & Kennelly, M. (2017). Rough bluegrass incidence in a new tall fescue sward as affected by seeding rate and mowing height. Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management, 3, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.2134/cftm2016.11.0074
Braun, R., Fry, J., Kennelly, M., Bremer, D., & Griffin, J. (2016). Colorant application volume and color persistence on a ‘Chisholm’ zoysiagrass lawn. HortTechnology, 26, 314–319. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTTECH.26.3.314
Miller, G. L., Earlywine, D. T., Braun, R., Fry, J. D., & Kennelly, M. M. (2016). Influence of nitrogen source and application timing on large patch of zoysiagrass. Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management, 2, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.2134/cftm2015.0189
Thompson, C., Braun, R., & Kennelly, M. (2014). Evaluation of fungicides for control of dollar spot and brown patch of greens height creeping bentgrass in Kansas. 2013 Plant Disease Management Reports, 8, p. T041.
Extension/Outreach Publications
2025
Braun, R. C., Mandal, P., Nwachukwu, E., & Stanton, A. (2025). Ecosystem services of golf course turfgrass systems: Researchers followed a systematic, multistep online search process to attain and analyze this research spanning the last 30 years. Golf Course Management, March, 93, 66–74.
2024
Braun, R. (2024). Cultivar selection when purchasing turfgrass seed or sod. Kansas Turfgrass Foundation TurfNews, September.
Braun, R. (2024). K-State turfgrass undergraduate program update. Kansas Turfgrass Foundation TurfNews, September
Braun, R. (2024). Research updates from the Braun Turfgrass Lab. Kansas Turfgrass Foundation TurfNews, January.
2023
Braun, R. (2023). Reconsidering Fine Fescues for Kansas. Kansas Turfgrass Foundation TurfNews, September.
Braun, R. (2023). What are the potential ecosystem benefits of turfgrass? Decode 6. June 29, 2023. https://decode6.org/articles/potential-turfgrass-ecosystem-services/
Braun, R. (2023). How can I reduce turfgrass fertilization, mowing, irrigation, and pesticide use? Decode 6. June 29, 2023. https://decode6.org/articles/reduce-turfgrass-inputs/
Braun, R. (2023). 6 Ways to cut back on greenhouse gas while cutting your grass. Decode 6. June 12, 2023. https://decode6.org/articles/6-ways-to-cut-back-on-greenhouse-gas-while-cutting-your-grass/
Braun, R., Bremer, D., Ebdon, S., Fry, J., & Patton, A. (2023). Breaking down the research on cool-season turfgrass water use and needs. Golfdom, June, 79,34-43.
Braun, R. (2023). Where does all the nitrogen go after an application. Kansas Turfgrass Foundation TurfNews, April, 3–4.
Braun, R. C., Chandra, A., Patton, A. J., & Fry, J. D. (2023). Zoysiagrass hybrid development for the transition zone: A systematic process. Golf Course Management, February, 58–62.
Fry, J., & Braun, R. (2023). New zoysiagrass cultivar coming out. Kansas Turfgrass Foundation TurfNews, January, 3.
2022
Braun, R. (2022). Hello from the new guy on the K-State turf & landscape management team. Kansas Turfgrass Foundation TurfNews, July, 3–4.
Braun, R., & Hoyle, J. (2022). Efficacy of late-season bermudagrass removal using herbicide combinations. Golfdom, October, 24–29.
Braun, R. (2022). What is sustainable turfgrass? Sustainable, Secure Food Blog. https://sustainable-secure-food-blog.com/2022/07/07/what-is-sustainable-turfgrass/
Patton, A. J., & Braun, R. C. (2022). Maintenance calendar for fine fescue lawns. Purdue University, TURF-13-W. April (2022).
Patton, A. J., Braun, R. C., Barnes, M., Nelson, K., Reiter, M., Watkins, E., Kowalewski, A., Koch, P., & Murphy, J. (2021). Fine fescues: Understanding the differences. Purdue University, University of Minnesota, Oregon State University, University of Wisconsin, Rutgers University, TURF-63-W. April (2022).
Patton, A. J., & Braun, R. C. (2022). Establishment of fine fescues. Purdue University, TURF-64-W. April (2022).
Patton, A. J., & Braun, R. C. (2022). Management of fine fescues. Purdue University, TURF-65-W. April (2022).
Patton, A. J., & Braun, R. C. (2022). Recommended fine fescue cultivars for Indiana turf. Purdue University, TURF-66-W. April (2022).
Patton, A. J., Braun, R. C., Reiter, M., Watkins, E., Kowalewski, A., Koch, P., & Murphy, J. (2021). Fine fescues in minimal-to-no-mow areas. Purdue University, University of Minnesota, Oregon State University, University of Wisconsin, Rutgers University, TURF-67-W April (2022).
Patton, A. J., & Braun, R. C. (2022). Measuring turf areas. Purdue University, TURF-24-W.
2021
Braun, R. C., & Patton, A. J. (2021). Identifying water submersion tolerance differences. Golf Course Management, December, 74.
Patton, A. J., & Braun, R. C. (2021). Herbicide tolerance of grass species used in minimal-to-no mow golf course rough. Golf Course Management, November, November, 75–79.
Braun, R. C., Bremer, D. J. & Hoyle, J. A. (2021). The impacts of golf cart traffic on turfgrass during and after drought. Golf Course Management, May, 63–67.
Braun, R. C., Patton, A. J., Milla-Lewis, S., Carbajal, E. & Schwartz, B. (2021). Zoysiagrass for golf course roughs. Golf Course Management, March, 85.
2020
Braun, R. C., & Bremer, D. J. (2020). Specific management practices can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote carbon sequestration in golf course fairways. United States Golf Association Green Section Record, 58(13):1–10. https://www.usga.org/content/usga/home-page/course-care/green-section-record/58/13/specific-management-practices-can-reduce-greenhouse-gas-emission.html#
Braun, R. C., Patton, A. J., Watkins, E., Koch, P., Anderson, N. P., Bonos, S. A., & Brilman, L. A. (2020). Use of fine fescues on golf courses: IV. Biotic stresses. Golf Course Management, September, 82–87.
Braun, R. C., Patton, A. J., Watkins, E., Koch, P., Anderson, N. P., Bonos, S. A., & Brilman, L. A. (2020). Use of fine fescues on golf courses: III. Abiotic stresses. Golf Course Management, August, 64–69.
Braun, R. C., Patton, A. J., Watkins, E., Koch, P., Anderson, N. P., Bonos, S. A., & Brilman, L. A. (2020). Use of fine fescues on golf courses: II. Availability, establishment, and management. Golf Course Management, July, 52–58.
Braun, R. C., Patton, A. J., Watkins, E., Koch, P., Anderson, N. P., Bonos, S. A., & Brilman, L. A. (2020). Use of fine fescues on golf courses: I. Introduction and history. Golf Course Management, May, 60–64.
Patton, A. J., Braun, R. C., Schortgen, G. P., Weisenberger, D. V., Branham, B. E., Sharp, B., Sousek, M. D., Gaussoin, R. E., & Reicher, Z. J. (2020). Controlling annual bluegrass on golf course putting greens. Golfdom, 76(5):26–30. https://www.Golfdom,.com/controlling-annual-bluegrass-on-golf-course-putting-greens
2019
Braun, R. C., Thompson, C. S., & Hoyle, J. A. (2019). Scalping timing for tall fescue control with glyphosate. Golf Course Management, September, 63–67. https://www.gcmonline.com/research/news/scalping-tall-fescue-glyphosate
Alderman, E. J., Hoyle, J. A., Reeves, J. A., & Braun, R. C. (2019). Effects of nitrogen rate and simulated golf cart traffic on Cody buffalograss roughs. Golf Course Management, July, 68–71. https://www.gcmonline.com/research/news/buffalograss-golf
2018
Hoyle, J. A., Braun, R. C., & South, P. E. (2018). Perennial ryegrass injury and recovery from human insect repellent. Golfdom, 74(12):55. <https://www.Golfdom,.com/ryegrass-injury-and-recovery-from-human-insect-repellent/>
Braun, R. C., & Bremer, D. J. (2018). Fertilization and irrigation strategies reduce greenhouse gas emissions and conserve water. Golf Course Management, December, 64–73. https://www.gcmonline.com/course/environment/news/turfgrass-nitrous-oxide
Braun, R. C., & Bremer, D. J. (2018). Reducing nitrous oxide emissions in turfgrass with better management practices. CSA News, 63(8):10.
Hoyle, J. A., & Braun, R. C. (2018). Watering your lawn. Kansas State University Agriculture Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, MF2059. April (2018).
Hoyle, J. A., & Braun, R. C. (2018). Aerating your lawn. Kansas State University Agriculture Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, MF2130. February (2018).
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